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___Cells+rabbitIgGisotypecontrol-FITC.
___ Cells+Anti-HumanAdenosineA2A Receptor(extracellular)-FITCAntibody (#AAR-007-F),(2.5µg).
___Cells+rabbitIgGisotypecontrol-FITC.
___ Cells+Anti-HumanAdenosineA2A Receptor(extracellular)-FITC Antibody (#AAR-007-F),(2.5µg).
- Okusa,M.D.(2002)Am.J.Physiol.282,F10.
- Fredholm,B.B.etal.(2001)Pharmacol.Rev.53,527.
- Nakata,H.(1989)J.Biol.Chem.264,16545.
- Cunha,R.A.(2001)NeuRochem.Int.38,107.
- Fredholm,B.B.etal.(2000)Naunyn-SchmiedebergsArch.Pharmacol.362,364.
- Canals,M.etal.(2005)J.Neurochem.92,337.
- Ohta,A.andSitkovsky,M.(2001)Nature414,916.
- Ohta,A.etal.(2006)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.103,13132.
Adenosineisanendogenousnucleosidegeneratedlocallyintissuesunderconditionsofhypoxia,ischemia,orinflammation.Itmodulatesavarietyofphysiologicalfunctionsinmanytissuesincludingthebrainandheart1,2. Adenosineexertsitsactionsviafourspecificadenosinereceptors(alsonamedP1purinergicreceptors): AdenosineA1 Receptor (A1AR),AdenosineA2A Receptor(A2AAR), AdenosineA2B Receptor (A2BAR),and AdenosineA3 Receptor (A3AR).Allareintegralmembraneproteinsandaremembersofthe Gprotein-coupled receptorsuperfamily.Theyshareacommonstructureofsevenputativetransmembranedomains,anextracellular-NH2 terminus,cytoplasmic-COOHterminus,andathirdintracellularloopimportantforbindingGproteins.1-3 Theadenosinereceptorscanbedistinguishedonthebasisoftheirdifferentialselectivityforadenosineanalogs1-3.
Adenosinereceptorscontrolneurotransmitterreleasethroughthe facilitatory A2AARandtheinhibitoryA1AR.4 A2AARandA1ARarethemajoradenosinereceptorsubtypesexpressedinthecentralnervoussystem(CNS).A2AARismainlyexpressedinthestriatumonGABAergicstriatopallidalneurons,whileA1ARiswidelydistributedthroughouttheCNS5,6.
A2AARwassuggestedtoplayacriticalroleinattenuationofsystemicinflammatoryresponsesandpreventionofextensivetissuedamage.7 ItwassuggestedthatextracellularadenosinethataccumulatesininflamedanddamagedtissuemayactivatetheA2AARexpressedinimmunecellsleADIngtotermination/inhibitionoftheimmuneresponse.7 ItwasfurthersuggestedthatthissamemechanismmayprotecttumorsfromantitumorTcellsthroughanimmunosuppressivesignalgeneratedbytheactivationofA2AARonTcellsbyextracellularadenosineproducedfromhypoxiccanceroustissues8.
Anti-HumanAdenosineA2A Receptor(extracellular)Antibody (#AAR-007)isahighlyspecificantibodydirectedagainstanepitopeofhumanprotein.Theantibodycanbeusedinwesternblotandlivecellflowcytometryapplications.IthasbeendesignedtorecognizeA2aRfromhumansamplesonly.Theantibodywillnotrecognizethereceptorfrommouseorratsamples.
Anti-HumanAdenosineA2A Receptor(extracellular)-FITC Antibody (#AAR-007-F)is directlyconjugatedtofluoresceinisothiocyanate(FITC). The antibodycanbeusedinimmunofluorescentapplicationssuchasdirectlivecellflowcytometry.
___Cells+rabbitIgGisotypecontrol-FITC.
___ Cells+Anti-HumanAdenosineA2A Receptor(extracellular)-FITCAntibody (#AAR-007-F),(2.5µg).
___Cells+rabbitIgGisotypecontrol-FITC.
___ Cells+Anti-HumanAdenosineA2A Receptor(extracellular)-FITC Antibody (#AAR-007-F),(2.5µg).
- Okusa,M.D.(2002)Am.J.Physiol.282,F10.
- Fredholm,B.B.etal.(2001)Pharmacol.Rev.53,527.
- Nakata,H.(1989)J.Biol.Chem.264,16545.
- Cunha,R.A.(2001)Neurochem.Int.38,107.
- Fredholm,B.B.etal.(2000)Naunyn-SchmiedebergsArch.Pharmacol.362,364.
- Canals,M.etal.(2005)J.Neurochem.92,337.
- Ohta,A.andSitkovsky,M.(2001)Nature414,916.
- Ohta,A.etal.(2006)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.103,13132.